There can be no greater horror for passengers and crew than facing death on a burning ship in a heavy sea, that was sinking by its bow. Which death would you choose? Stay on board and be burnt? Or chance your luck in the waves?
Such was the choice facing 591 people as the PS Connaught was clearly losing its battle to contain a fierce fire that was rapidly consuming the ship. The newly built Connaught, the flagship of the Galway Line, had completed a trouble-free voyage from Galway to Boston, via St John’s, Newfoundland. It landed its passengers and mail safely, and on time. The ship’s elegance was the talk of Boston. Ten thousand people visited her, admiring her sleek build, her luxury fittings and accommodation, before she sailed on her return journey.
On October 8 1860, approximately 100 miles (160km ) from Boston, having safely survived a storm, a leak was discovered, threatening the main engine furnaces. When the auxiliary furnaces were lit they caught fire. Passengers were soon driven on deck by the smoke and flames. Despite fighting the fire for 12 hours, Captain Leitch, realising the situation was hopeless, gave the order to abandon ship.
But once the small number of lifeboats, totally inadequate to take any substantial number of people, were lowered into the still heaving sea, many of them were smashed against the side of the ship. To add to this terror, eye-witness accounts said that the hulls became so hot they boiled the waves as they crashed over her.
Just when all was thought lost, and despair among the passengers and crew must have been horrendous, a small brig, The Minnie Schiffer, and her gallant commander, Capt John Wilson, sailed rapidly towards them. The Minnie Schiffer had sailed from New Orleans to Marseilles, and was heading to Boston with a cargo of fruit and wine. Capt Wilson saw the Connaught’s flames in the growing darkness. Clearly he could not draw too close to the burning ship. He immediately ordered his lifeboat into the sea, and with what lifeboats could be saved from the Connaught, began to ferry the passengers and crew across to his ship. The last to leave the Connaught was Captain Leitch.
The Minnie Schiffer could barely accommodate so many extra passengers. Everyone was crowded into the smallest space. Some had to hang from the rigging. But spirits must have been very high. The crew passed around fruit and wine.
‘Kindly sentiments’
The New York Times takes up the story in its edition of October 11 1860. Because of the weight of the rescued passengers and crew, the poor Minnie Schiffer was spotted low in the water as she made her way towards Boston harbour. A rescue boat was sent to tow her in. ‘Her arrival was greeted by shouts and applause from the crowds of people who had assembled upon the wharf , and filled all available positions upon neighbouring vessels.’
As the brig rubbed gently against the piers ‘hearty and long continued cheers went up in token of warm sympathy and hearty congratulation. The roughly clad, unwashed, but comparatively joyful-looking passengers feebly acknowledged the kindly sentiments...’
The newspaper describes the greetings displayed by the passengers on their families whom they had left behind as they sailed to Galway a week before. They had so narrowly escaped certain death. The scenes were similar to the arrival of a large body of emigrants: ‘Husband greeted wife, son welcomed mother, relatives of all relations united in fond embrace.’
Some people, however, had no-one to welcome them back; perhaps their families had yet to hear the news. ‘Some were seeking for whom they did not know by sight, and ran up and down the wharf, calling on all they met to point them out. One stout Irish girl nothing with her but a prayer-book, which she had clung to through all the catastrophe. The aged and feeble ones, as they reached the wharf and found no acquaintances, sat down despairing, not knowing where to go.’
Burnt out
Unknown to the survivors another vessel came on the scene mid-morning the following day. This was the Lamartine sailing out from Barrington, Nova Scotia, under Captain Doane. The Connaught was completely burnt out from the paddle boxes to the stern, while to the forward only the foremast was visible. Gradually the ship sank by the bow, and once she was gone Captain Doane sailed amongst the wreckage, collecting trunks and other luggage which were later returned to their owners.
Heroic conduct
The hero of the day, however, was the captain of the Minnie Schiffer , John Wilson. The newspaper describes him as about 50 years of age, a native of Baltimore, his wife residing in New Orleans, where he makes his home, when not at sea. ‘He is distinguished for his urbanity and great kindness of character. With his employers he has always stood very high for his integrity, his only fault being, they say, that he is so unselfish and liberal that he saves nothing for himself. Having no children of his own, he has adopted and brought up several orphans.’
The American Consul at St Johns, Mr Newman, who was a passenger on the Connaught, spoke of his great admiration of the heroic conduct of Capt Wilson: ‘When the different boat’s crews had become exhausted by their fatiguing labours in rescuing the passengers, or were paralysed with the dread of the blazing ship, and the danger of approaching her, he encouraged the desponding seamen, and urged them to continue their humane efforts’.’
Tim Collins, in his book Transatlantic Triumph and Heroic Failure - The Galway Line* writes that the Galway Vindicator (Saturday June 29 1861 ) reported that in grateful appreciation of his selfless conduct in rescuing the passengers and crew of the Connaught, the merchants of New York and Boston had prepared an elegant service of plate, duly inscribed, to be presented to Captain Wilson. They also commissioned a painting by the marine artist Sir Oswald W Brierly showing the dramatic rescue at sea.
In the same report it was also noted that Captain Wilson had joined the Confederate navy, to play his part, according to his beliefs, in the American Civil War which had just broken out. In consequence the presentation of the plate was deferred, and kept in safekeeping in Boston, where according to the Vindicator, it is awaiting Capt Wilson’s orders.**
NOTES:
* Published by the Collins Press, in 2002.
** Poor Captain Wilson never got his well deserved silver plate, or his painting. Joining the Confederate side during the Civil War, drastically changed his career. The silver plate was later impounded by the Union Government; the painting is now held at the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich.
Mysteriously ten thousand pounds sterling, in gold coin, owned by the Union Bank, Newfoundland, was loaded on the Connaught, before she sailed to Galway. Recently The Endurance Exploration Group , using sonar-scan, claim to have discovered the 160 years old wreck , and are seeking further licences to explore further.
Listen to Tom Kenny and Ronnie O'Gorman elaborating on topics they have covered in this week's paper and much more in this week's Old Galway Diary Podcast.
