An exhibition examining the effect of rural electrification on women in Ireland in the 1950s and 1960s was launched by former President of Ireland Mary Robinson at the National Museum of Ireland – Country Life, in Turlough Park, Castlebar, last Friday.
The exhibition, which has been developed by the Museum in partnership with Kingston University and the Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC ), and with support from the ESB, Irish Farmer's Journal, Age & Opportunity, and GMIT Letterfrack, is the flagship temporary exhibition at the National Museum of Ireland - Country Life this year.
The first phase of Electricity Supply Board’s (ESB ) rural electrification programme began in 1946 and ran until 1965 with a post-development phase running into the 1970s. Although many rural women worked in offices and shops, as well as on the farm, the marriage bar and prevailing cultural attitudes meant that many women’s experiences of rural electrification were at home, where the kitchen was the focus of domestic work.
Including a wide range of ESB advertising and marketing materials, objects from the Museum’s archives and ESB Archives, Irish Agricultural Museum and private collectors, as well as fascinating oral histories from women who worked in the home through rural electrification, the Exhibition is designed to evoke the 1950s and 1960s and explores how domestic electrical products were advertised and promoted as part of a modern lifestyle – moving from the traditional hearth to the fitted kitchen without challenging established gender roles. A twin tub washing machine, primrose yellow iron, green enamel cooker, and a Sacred Heart lamp, are all on display for visitors to see.
The exhibition has been curated by Noel Campbell of the National Museum of Ireland – Country Life, in partnership with Dr Sorcha O’Brien of Kingston University, Senior Lecturer in Design History and principal investigator for the Electric Irish Homes research project.
Former President of Ireland Mary Robinson said: "I recall how passionate my father was about the difference rural electrification made to his work as a doctor in Mayo."
Chair of the Board of the National Museum of Ireland, Catherine Heaney said: "The role of women in Ireland has changed significantly since rural electrification. Access to electricity contributed greatly to the efficiency of running a household, and it propelled the shift of women into the paid workforce. ‘Kitchen Power’ is a timely opportunity to take stock of what was achieved by rural electrification and to consider how the lessons and successes can be applied to the roll out of utilities, such as broadband."
ESB’s Deputy Chief Executive, Jerry O'Sullivan said; "This exhibition provides a fascinating insight not only into the transformative effect of rural electrification on the lives of women, but also the pioneering role that women played in driving the early adoption of electricity - from the ESB-employed demonstrators whose job it was to educate people on the use of new electrical appliances to women in partnership with organisations such as the Irish Country Women’s Association (ICA ), the IFA and Muintir na Tíre, who saw the potential of electricity and championed it within their communities. As we look to a future where clean electricity will play a vital role in addressing climate change, we need to harness the same creativity and leadership within communities to demonstrate the benefits of electric transport and heating, and in doing so create a brighter future for all."
Along with artefacts and the oral history recordings - many from members of the Irish Countrywomen’s Association - ‘Kitchen Power’ also includes an ‘Electric Irish Homes textile art project’ commissioned by Age & Opportunity as part of the Bealtaine Festival, who engaged Sligo artist Anna Spearman to work with local women in Mayo to respond creatively to the Exhibition.
It also features a reconstruction of a 1950s ESB/ICA model kitchen which was constructed in the Museum galleries by Phillip Carey, a final year BSc (Hons ) Furniture Design and Manufacture student at Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Letterfrack campus.
