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One hundred years ago this week, on 10 December 1923, Irish poet W. B. Yeats (1865–1939) was presented with the Nobel Prize in Literature at a ceremony in Stockholm, Sweden. The previous year, he had published a lengthy political poem entitled 'Thoughts Upon the Present State of the World' (later renamed ‘Nineteen Hundred and Nineteen’), which included the lines:

November 1920 was a bloody month in Galway with the killing of Eileen Quinn, Fr Michael Griffin, Michael Moran, and Harry and Patrick Loughnane. D Company Auxiliaries had made their presence felt.

Sinn Féin’s declaration of an Irish Republic on January 21 1919, along with the killing of two RIC officers in Tipperary by the IRA on the same day, signalled the start of a guerrilla war for Irish independence.